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               A  review  of  literature  and  future  perspectives:  Acupoint  injection  as  a

               potential complementary approach for Multiple Sclerosis


                                                                       3
                                 #,1
               Nguyen The Anh,  Chuan-Teng Liu,  Ying-Chyi Song,  Hung-Rong Yen*          ,1,2,4
                                                     2

               1  Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical
                 University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
               2  Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China
                 Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
               3  Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical
                 University, Taichung 404328, Taiwan
               4  Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404327,
               Taiwan
               * E-mail: hungrongyen@mail.cmu.edu.tw

               Abstract:
                  Multiple  Sclerosis  (MS)  is  a  chronic  autoimmune  disease  of  the  central  nervous  system
               (CNS),  characterized  by  demyelination  and  neuroinflammation  leading  to  progressive
               neurological  dysfunction.  Despite  advances  in  disease-modifying  therapies  (DMTs),  many
               patients experience suboptimal responses, adverse effects, and limited options for long-term
               symptom management. Acupoint injection, a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) technique
               that integrates the meridian-regulating effects of acupuncture with the pharmacological actions
               of herbal extracts, has emerged as a potential complementary approach. A scope review of
               literature  was  conducted  across  multiple  scientific  databases  to  evaluate  the  application,
               efficacy, and safety of acupoint injection in MS management. Evidence for acupoint injection
               in MS is scarce and inconsistent. Most studies are limited to case reports and small-scale clinical
               trials, with considerable variability in herbal formulations, dosages, and acupoint selection. The
               absence of standardized protocols prevents definitive conclusions regarding its efficacy and
               safety. Well-designed,  large-scale  clinical  trials  using  standardized  herbal  preparations  and
               acupoint protocols are urgently needed. Mechanistic studies may further clarify the potential
               role of acupoint injection as an adjunctive therapy for MS, especially for patients who respond
               inadequately to conventional treatments.

               Keyword:  Multiple  Sclerosis;  Acupoint  Injection;  Herbal  Extract;  Pharmacoacupuncture;
                          Literature Review
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