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PC-38

Secondary metabolites of Syzygium taiwanicum

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Keng-Wei Lin, Wei-Yu Lin, Jing-Ru Weng*

1 Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University,
Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
2 School of Pharmacy, Kinmen Hospital, the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Kinmen 89142,
Taiwan
* E-mail: jrweng@mail.nsysu.edu.tw

Abstract
Some of the species of Syzygium have been used as traditional medicines to treat
gastrointestinal disorders, diabetes, hypertension, analgesia, and inflammation. Previous
studies have shown that various compounds including terpenoids, flavonoids, lignans, alkyl
phloroglucinols, and tannins in the Syzygium genus. Twelve known compounds were isolated
and identified from Syzygium taiwanicum. From the acetone extract, triterpenoids such as
betulonic acid (1), betulinic acid (2), betulin (3), pomolic acid 3β-acetate (4), oleanolic acid (5)
and a sterol β-sitosterol (6) were obtained. The methanol extract yielded triterpenoids including
corosolic acid (7), maslinic acid (8), alphitolic acid (9), erythrodiol (10), betulinaldehyde (11)
and an alpha-pyrone (R)-goniothalamin (12). In the cytotoxic activity test, compound 1 showed
the cytotoxicity against oral cancer cells (SCC2095), gastric cancer cells (AGS), and prostate
cancer cells (PC-3), with IC50 values ranging from 12.2 to 19.2 μM. Compound 3 exhibited
the significant cytotoxic activity against oral cancer cells and gastric cancer cells, with IC50
values ranging from 4.1 to 4.2 μM.

Keywords: Syzygium taiwanicum; Sterol; Triterpenoid; Alpha-pyrone; Cytotoxic activity